The targeted EM-KPI Ontology are aimed to exchange both master data and key performance information in district and building energy management for a multi-level energy performance analysis that addresses stakeholders’ performance goals. The targeted EM-KPI ontology is proposed to be represented by two subparts, i.e. EM (Energy Management) master data part and KPI (Key Performance Indicator) part. The purpose of KPI part is to represent the key performance information. It is supposed to describe the definition of each KPI and their relationship, KPI calculation and needed datum source, the related performance goal and evaluated object. This subpart should provide the basis for energy performance tracking and assessment. The purpose of the EM master data part is to integrate the master data. It is supposed to describe the master data domains, master data objects and master data elements, and the relationship between each other. This subpart is used to exploit the knowledge in master data sources for identification of energy performance problems and key areas for improvement, so as to make informed decision in energy performance improvement. The master data domains in district and building energy management include energy domain (e.g. energy generation, energy distribution, energy consumption), sensor and measurement domain, building domain, facility domain, occupancy, weather, location, etc.
EM-KPI Ontology, Energy Management - Key Performance Indicator Ontology
EM-KPI Ontology 1.1
Relation linking the Occupant Behavior and the Energy Consumer Faility it acts
actsTo
attendeeOf
Relation linking the Power Equipment and Equipment Container.
composes
The assumption of the mathematical model for KPI calculation
containsAssumption
The constant in the mathematical model for KPI calculation
containsConstant
The variable of the mathematical model for KPI calculation
containsVariable
Relation linking the power delivery system or equipment to the Energy Supply parameter
deliversEnergy
Relation linking the power delivery system or equipment to the Energy Type it delivers
deliversEnergyType
energyDeliveredBy
energyStoredBy
energyTypeDeliveredBy
energyTypeStoredBy
eventOf
Relation linking the District and the Weather it experiences.
experiences
geoPointOf
Relation linking a Building and its air conditioned Volume.
hasAirConditionedVolume
Relation linking Building and its constructed Area.
hasArea
The performance goal of stakeholder has associated key performance indicators to measure the progress towards the goal.
hasAssociatedKPI
To relate Key Performance Indicators with their evaluated objects.
hasAssociatedObject
Relation linking an Occupant with its behavior (action to building energy systems)
hasBehavior
Relation linking a Building and its functional type
hasBuildingType
To represent the calculation of key performance indicators
hasCalculation
Relation linking the KPI Calculation and its needed Calculation Components
hasCalculationComponent
To represent the mathematical model for KPI calculation
hasCalculationModel
Relation linking Energy Cost to its determinants like Energy Supply and Energy Tariff
hasDeterminant
Strategic KPI can be disaggregated to tactical KPI, and tactical KPI can be disaggregated to operational KPI.
hasDisaggregation
Relation linking Equipment and its Equipment Parameter
hasEquipmentParameter
Relation linking an Equipment and its type
hasEquipmentType
The evaluation time step of KPI calculation
hasEvaluationTimeStep
Relation linking building Zone and its exterior wall
hasExteriorWall
Relation linking building Zone and its exterior window
hasExteriorWindow
Relation linking Weather or Energy to its forecast
hasForecast
Relation linking a KPI and its mathematical model
hasMathematicalModel
Relation linking Occupant and its related parameter
hasOccupantParameter
Relation linking building Zone and its Occupant.
hasOccupant
The performance goals of stakeholders.
hasPerformanceGoal
Relation linking a PV generating unit to its photovoltaic type
hasPhotovoltaicType
Relation linking building Zone and its Roof
hasRoof
To describe the unit of observation value and KPI value
hasUnit
isActedBy
isAirConditionedVolumeOf
isAreaOf
isAssociatedKPIOf
isAssociatedObjectOf
isAssociatedZoneOf
isAssumptionOf
isBeginningOf
isBehaviorOf
isBuildingTypeOf
Relation linking the KPI needed Calculation Components and its Calculation
isCalculationComponentOf
isCalculationModelOf
isCalculationOf
isComposedBy
isConstantOf
isDeterminantOf
Inverse property of wo:hasDirection
isDirectionOf
isDisaggregationOf
isEndOf
isEquationOf
isEquipmentTypeOf
isEvaluationTimeStepOf
isExperiencedBy
isExteriorWallOf
isExteriorWindowOf
isFeatureOfInterestOf
isForecastOf
isInputOf
Relation linking a KPI with its mathematical model
isMathematicalModelOf
isObservationResultOf
isObservationSamplingTimeOf
isObservedPropertyOf
isOccupancyParameterOf
isOccupantOf
isOutputOf
isPerformanceGoalOf
isPhotovoltaicTypeOf
The datum source for KPI calculation is provided by observation. The energy storage is provided by energy production. The energy supply is provided by energy production or energy storage.
isProvidedBy
isRoofOf
isScheduleOf
Inverse property of wo:hasSpeed
isSpeedOf
isSuppliedBy
isU-valueOf
isUnitOf
isVariableOf
providesTo
Relation linking the energy storage system or equipemnt to the Energy Storage parameter
storesEnergy
Relation linking the energy storage system or equipment to Energy Type it stores
storesEnergyType
Relation linking Energy Supply to the Energy Demand
suppliesTo
Relation linking an Observation to its Feature Of Interest.
featureOfInterest
The input of datum source for KPI calculation
hasInput
The output of KPI calculation, the calculation result of KPI
hasOutput
The chain here ensures that the observed property of an observation is a property of the feature of interest.
hasProperty
Relation between a FeatureOfInterest and a Property (a Quality observable by a sensor) of that feature.
isPropertyOf
The result of an observation
observationResult
The time interval of an observation
observationSamplingTime
Relation linking an Observation to the Property that was observed. The observedProperty should be a Property (hasProperty) of the FeatureOfInterest (linked by featureOfInterest) of this observation.
observedProperty
Relation linking an Event and the Occupants who attend it
attendee
Relation linking building Zone and its Event
event
Relation linking a Location to geographical coordinates point.
geo
Relation linking an object or event to a geographical Location.
hasLocation
isLocationOf
Relation linking an Interval to its beginning Instant
hasBeginning
Relation linking an Interval to its end Instant
hasEnd
Relation linking the energy consumption system or equipment to the Energy Demand parameter
Relation linking the energy consumption system or equipment to the Energy Type it consumes
Relation describing one object is included in another object.
energyConsumedBy
energyProducedBy
energyTypeConsumedBy
energyTypeProducedBy
Relation linking the Indoor Comfort and its associated Zone
hasAssociatedZone
Relation linking building Zone and its Floor
hasFloor
isFloorOf
Relation linking the energy generating system or equipment with the Energy Production parameter
Relation linking the energy generation system or equipment to the Energy Type ir produces
Relation to describe one thing influence to another thing
hasInfluenceOn
isInfluencedBy
Relation linking a Wind and its direction
hasDirection
Relation linking a Wind and its speed
hasSpeed
The equation of the mathematical model of KPI calculation
containsEquation
Relation linking a building envelope (exterior wall, exterior window, roof or floor) and its U-value
containsU-value
Relation linking an Event and its Schedule
hasSchedule
isEquipmentParameterOf
The definition of Key Performance Indicator
hasKPIDefinition
The MathML of the equation
hasMathML
Relation linking Building and its constructed year.
hasYearOfConstruction
A functional data property with unique values to make individuals different when their values are different.
identifier
To describe the name of an object
title
To describe the address of a Location
address
Relation linking an Event and its duration
duration
Relation to describe an value of an observation or KPI
hasValue
altitude
latitude
longitude
Relation linking an Instant and a dateTime
inXSDDateTime
The assumption of the methematical model of KPI calculation
Assumption
The set of batteries that stores energy.
Battery
The equipment contained in building
BuildingEquipment
Building type describes the functinonal type of a building
BuildingType
CO2Concentration
The domestic hot water system that provides hot water to the building
DHWSystem
Datum source needed for KPI calculation
DatumSource
Distributed energy resource is the site energy resource in district like CHP (Combined Heat and Power), photovoltaic generation plant, etc.
District is the platform where contains multi buildings and other physical objects.
District
The duct in HVAC system
Duct
Electric vehicle that stores energy.
Energy consumer is the power unit that consumes energy in district microgrid.
EnergyDemandForecast
The forecast of energy demand or production
EnergyForecast
Energy producted by generation system
EnergyProduction
The energy stored by storage system
EnergyStorage
The energy supplied by district energy provider for end uses
EnergySupplyFromEnergyProvider
The energy supplied directly by site production for end uses
EnergySupplyFromSiteProduction
The energy supplied by storage system for end uses
EnergySupplyFromStorage
Entity type describes the type of a entity like building, equipment, energy, etc.
EntityType
The equation of the mathematical model for KPI calculation
Equation
Equipment container is the district power unit that contains groups of equipment, like substation, plant, Distributed Energy Resources, etc.
Equipment type describes the type of an equipment
EquipmentType
The exterior wall that contributes thermal load to the building and zone
ExteriorWall
The exterior window that contributes thermal load to the building and zone
ExteriorWindow
The fan in HVAC system
Fan
The tariff for sale energy per unit to main grid
FeedInTariff
Generating unit is the power unit that generates energy for district end users, like photovoltaic array.
The intensity of global solar radiation in horizontal level
GlobalHorizontalSolar
The intensity of global solar radiation in angel of 41 degree, the best angel in Madrid
GlobalInclined41Solar
The Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system that provides building indoor comfort
HVACSystem
Indoor comfort describes the indoor environment
IndoorComfort
IndoorHumidity
IndoorTemperature
Key Performance Indicator that measures the progress towards stakeholder's key performance goal
The KPI calculation to calculate specific KPI with mathematical model and datum source
KPICalculation
The component needed for KPI calculation, like mathematical model, datum source, etc.
KPICalculationComponent
The evaluated object of key performance indicator
KPIEvaluatedObject
KPI value is the result of KPI calculation
KPIValue
The generating unit produces energy with non-renewable resources.
The occupant who occupies the zone in building
Occupant
The behavior of occupant that influences to energy demand
OccupantBehavior
The number of occupants in the zone or building
OccupantNumber
The operational KPI is the KPI at the operational appliance level, the KPI corresponding to zone and equipment level.
OperationalKPI
System that generates electricity through solar photovoltaic panel
PVSystem
The performance that needed to be achieved
PerformanceGoal
The generating unit produces energy with solar energy, photovoltaic panels.
Photovoltaic type describes the type of PV generating unit
PhotovoltaicType
The pipe in HVAC system, DHW system, etc.
Pipe
Power devices that are capable of delivering electric power to the household
Power equipment is the equipment contained in district power system.
Power system resource is the resource in district microgrid, including energy generation units, energy storage units, energy consumers and power delivery system, etc.
The pump in HVAC system, DHW system, etc.
Pump
The generating unit produces energy with renewable resources.
The roof of the zone
Roof
The stakeholder in district or building that has performance goals to be achieved
Stakeholder
Storing unit is the device that stores energy.
The strategic KPI is the KPI at the strategic decision level, the hyper-aggregated KPI corresponding to district scale
StrategicKPI
Substation is where transform the high/medio voltage power from main grid to low voltage for the energy use of district consumers.
Substation
The tactical KPI is the KPI at tactical decision level, the KPI disaggregated from strategic KPI corresponding to building and system level
TacticalKPI
Thermal comfort describes the comfort condition related indoor temperature and humidity
ThermalComfort
The universal constant in the mathematical model of KPI calculation
UniversalConstant
The visual comfort describes the comfort related to light condition
VisualComfort
The short-term forecast of the weather
WeatherForecast
The weather phenomenon of wind direction
WindDirection
The generating unit produces energy with wind energy, wind turbines.
System that generates electricity through wind power
WindPowerSystem
The weather phenomenon of wind speed
WindSpeed
WorkstationLighting
The mathematical model for KPI calculation. The model is composed of a set of variables and a set of equations that establish relationships between the variables.
The variable in the mathematical model of KPI calculation
Variable
A feature is an abstraction of real world phenomena (thing, person, event, etc)
The observation data of the sensor or meter, the measurement of different parameter An Observation is a Situation in which a Sensing method has been used to estimate or calculate a value of a Property of a FeatureOfInterest. Links to Sensing and Sensor describe what made the Observation and how; links to Property and Feature detail what was sensed; the result is the output of a Sensor; other metadata details times etc.
Observation
The observation result of the sensor or meter
ObservationValue
The observed property describes what kind of data is observed.
A spatial region or named place. It contains the geographical coordinates point or postal address of an object.
Location
The event taken place in the zone, such entertainment event, dinner, conference, etc. A non-persistent, time-based occurrence, has location, duration, and responsible actors associated with an event.
Event
An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. The physical object identified in the district.
A point, typically described using a coordinate system relative to Earth, such as WGS84, includes the latitude, altitude and longitude of a place.
Uniquely identified by lat/long/alt. i.e. spaciallyIntersects(P1, P2) :- lat(P1, LAT), long(P1, LONG), alt(P1, ALT), lat(P2, LAT), long(P2, LONG), alt(P2, ALT). sameThing(P1, P2) :- type(P1, Point), type(P2, Point), spaciallyIntersects(P1, P2).
An instant is a time instant
Instant
The time interval of the observation or evaluation
Interval
A temporal entity is an instant or an interval
TemporalEntity
The unit of the observation value or KPI calculation value
The household appliance that consumes energy, such as fridge, oven, TV, etc.
All things (here physical objects) that creates a building, it is intended as root of all building components.
BuildingThing
The energy facility in the building that consumes energy.
The cost for purchasing energy from external grid
The tariff for purchasing energy per unit from main grid (district energy provider)
The energy demand in district or buildings
The energy facility in building that consumes or produces energy
EnergyFacility
The energy gain is the produced energy that feed into external grid so as to obtain monetary gain
EnergyGain
Energy parameter describes energy behavior in district and buildings, inluding energy production, energy storage, energy supply, energy demand, energy cost and tariff, etc.
EnergyParameter
The energy facility in the building that produces energy
EnergyProducerFacility
The energy supplied to end uses
Tariff that is charged per energy unit by district energy providers
The energy type produced, consumed, stored or provided, such as electricity, heat and cold
The equipment in building and district power system.
Equipment
The floor of the zone
The room contained in the zone
The shade of building envelope
Shade
The parameter of occupancy like occupant number or other property
OccupancyParameter
Outdoor humidity
Humidity
The intensity of outdoor solar radiation
SolarIrradiance
Outdoor temperature
Temperature
The weather condition describes the weather such as rain, sun, snow, etc.
WeatherCondition
Weather phenomenon describes the ourdoor temperature, humidity, solar radiation and wind.
WeatherPhenomenon
The wind condition like wind speed and wind direction
Wind
Specifies the area of the building.
Area
The building in the district.
Building
The element composes the building structure.
BuildingElement
The building static parameter that to be measured, like area, volume, material property
BuildingParameter
Building storey captures the storey structure in building
BuildingStorey
Capacity
Efficiency
The parameter describes the environment condition, including indoor environment (indoor comfort) and outdoor environment (weather)
EnvironmentalParameter
The parameters of power equipment or building equipment.
Indoor air quality describes the quality (or contamination level) of indoor air
IndoorAirQuality
InputtWatts
The lighting system in the building
LightingSystem
power
The day schedule of the event taken place in the zone
Schedule
Overall thermal conductance of the envelope
U-value
Specifies the volume of the air conditioned space in building
Volume
Weather describes the outdoor environment
Weather
The thermal zone in the building
Zone